Research and experimental development (R&D) contributes to more efficient, sustainable and cost-effective ways to mine. Global trends show that mining companies increasingly use advanced technologies and digital innovations. South African mining companies are no exception to the trend, evident in significant investment in R&D processes that support modernisation of the sector. This fact sheet presents a snapshot of current patterns of R&D expenditure in the mining industry, funding and human resources informing efforts to improve current practices and grow the sector.